Heat treatment is the process of heating and cooling metals to change their microstructure and to bring out the physical and mechanical characteristics that make metals more desirable. The temperatures metals are heated to, and the rate of cooling after heat treatment can significantly change metal's properties.

Purpose of normalizing steel is to
To produce fine grain size in the metal.
- To remove stresses and strains formed in the internal structure due to repeated heating and uneven cooling
- hammering.
- To reduce ductility.
- To prevent warping.