α−D glucopyranose

Fructose

β−fructose

β−D glucose

5 C atoms

7 C atoms

9 C atoms and 1 O atom

4 C atoms and 1 O atom

Phosphate − Base − Sugar

Sugar − Base − Phosphate

Base − Sugar − Phosphate

Base − Phosphate − Sugar

Proteins into α−amino acids

Starches into α−amino acids

Glucose into glycogen

α−amino acids into proteins

Glucose

Fructose

Glucose and fructose

Sucrose