butt weld
fillet weld
sleeve weld
socket weld
be across threaded portion of shank
be parallel to axis of bolt
be normal to threaded portion of shank
never be across the threaded portion
one smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming
a slot is cut partly is middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw
a hard fiber or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin spitted and bent in reverse direction at other end
compression
tension
shear
combined loads
to produce torque
for speed reduction
to obtain variable speeds
to increase efficiency of system