Girad turbine

Turgo turbine

Pelton wheel

Kaplan turbine

Two

Four

Six

Eight

Allow the water to enter the runner without shock

Allow the water to flow over them, without forming eddies

Allow the required quantity of water to enter the turbine

All of the above

To run the turbine full

To prevent air to enter the turbine

To increase the head of water by an amount equal to the height of the runner outlet above the tail race

To transport water to downstream

In an impulse turbine, the water impinges on the buckets with pressure energy.

In a reaction turbine, the water guides over the moving vanes with kinetic energy.

In an impulse turbine, the pressure of the flowing water remains unchanged and is equal to atmospheric pressure.

In a reaction turbine, the pressure, the pressure of the flowing water increases after gliding over the vanes.