the tread grooves pass air between the tyre and road surface, thereby preventing tyre from overheating

the crests between the tread grooves absorb road noise

in wet conditions, the tread grooves expel water that is drawn between the tyre and road surface

the tread pattern protects the tyre's inner carcass from small stones and pieces of glass

heating rubber under pressure

spraying with special paint

melting rubber while stirring it

none of these

all plies run parallel to one another

belts of steel mesh are used in the tyres

one ply layer runs diagonally one way and another layer runs diagonally the other way

all of the above

all plies run parallel to one another

belts of steel mesh are used in the tyres

one ply layer runs diagonally one way and another layer runs diagonally the other way

all of the above

steel

copper

zinc

aluminium