all plies run parallel to one another

belts of steel mesh are used in the tyres

one ply layer runs diagonally one way and another layer runs diagonally the other way

all of the above

all plies run parallel to one another

belts of steel mesh are used in the tyres

one ply layer runs diagonally one way and another layer runs diagonally the other way

all of the above

steel

copper

zinc

aluminium

Bead

Side wall

Shoulder

Tread

near the centre

near the edges

in the lateral direction

in the cross direction