based on allowable rate of change of centrifugal acceleration

based on rate of change of superele-vation

higher of [a] and [b]

smaller of [a] and [b]

ruling gradient

limiting gradient

exceptional gradient

minimum gradient

0.10%

1%

10%

no compensation

3%

4%

5%

6%

longitudinal gradient

two times the longitudinal gradient

three times the longitudinal gradient

half the longitudinal gradient