111) The percentage compensation in gradient for ruling gradient of 4% and horizontal curve of radius 760 m is

112) If ruling gradient is I in 20 and there is also a horizontal curve of radius 76 m, then the compensated grade should be

113) The camber of road should be approximately equal to

114) Which of the following shapes is preferred in a valley curve

115) The value of ruling gradient in plains as per IRC recommendation is