offsets from tangents are required
offsets from chord produced are required
offsets from long chord are required
none of these.
for production of accurate maps of wide areas
for developing the science of geodesy
making use of most accurate instruments and methods of observation
all the above.
13.75 m
3.44 m
1375 m
0.02 m inclined upwards
0.04 m inclined downwards
0.04 m inclined upward
25 cm
20 m
45 m
10 m