to remove internal stresses caused due to cold working processes

to remove nitrogen from the surface of steel

to produce hardened surface

to produce hard surface but soft core

high toughness, high impact strength, low tensile strength

brittleness, low tensile strength, less sear resistance

brittleness, poor impact strength, good tensile strength

high wear resistance, high ductility, low malleability

neutral flame, carburizing flame, reducing flame

oxidizing flame, carburizing flame, reducing flame

neutral flame, oxidizing flame, reducing flame

carburizing flame, low oxygen flame, high acetylene flame

liquid lubricant

solid lubricant

liquid coolant

gaseous coolant

high thermal capacity, low viscosity, non-toxic and chemically inert

high thermal capacity, high viscosity, non-toxic and chemically inert

low thermal capacity, high viscosity and non-toxic

low thermal capacity, low viscosity and non-toxic