Short columns

Long columns

Both short and long columns

Weak columns

(5/8)

(8/5)

(5/4)

(4/5)

Neither tensile nor compressive stress

Tensile or compressive but cannot be added algebraically with direct tensile stress

Tensile or compressive and can also be added algebraically with direct tensile stress

None of the above

Point of maximum Shear force

Point of maximum Bending moment

Point of inflexion

Fixed end

Higher

Lower

Same

Higher/lower depending on temperature