They are small butterfly valves fitted to the intake manifold just before the cylinder head intake ports of modern automative diesel engines.

They are small butterfly valves fitted to the intake manifold just before the cylinder head intake ports of modern automative petrol engines.

They are small fuel injectors fitted to the intake manifold just before the cylinder head intake ports of modern steam engines.

None of these

Additional Oxygen cylinder

Supercharger

Extra cam on the intake valve

None of these

15

42.5

85

None of these

In diesel engines, thermal losses are lower in the direct injection as compared to indirect injection.

In diesel engines, thermal losses are higher in the direct injections as compared to indirect injection.

In diesel engines, thermal losses in the direct injection are same as compared to indirect injection

In diesel engines, thermal losses in the direct injection are either lower or higher as compared to indirect injection depending on the external temperature.

Carburetor

Inlet valve

Governor

None of these