Toughness: When a huge external force is applied on a metal, the metal will experience fracture. Toughness is the ability of a metal to resist fracture. The ability of a material to resist fracture due to high impact loads, is called toughness.

Brittleness
Brittleness is a property of material which breaks with little or no deformation.

Ductility: Ductility is the property by which a metal can be drawn into thin wires. It is determined by percentage elongation and percentage reduction in area of a metal.

Hardness: Hardness is the ability of a metal to resist permanent change of shape caused by an external force.