To avoid short between positive and negative plates

To avoid short between plates and body

To avoid buckling effect

To avoid sedimentation effect

Spongy lead (Pb)

Lead peroxide (PbO₂)

Lead sulphate (PbSO₄)

Zinc sulphate (ZnSO₄)

To reduce total voltage

To obtain higher current

To obtain higher voltage

To reduce current

Boost charge

Freshening charge

Trickle charge

Initial charge

Rectifier method

Trickle charging method

Constant current method

Constant potential method