hold the pressure plate in position

avoid deformation of the element when heated

provide more mechanical strength to bottom cover

accommodate the terminal and heating element

open in winding

low applied voltage

defective bearing

supply failure

1

2

3

4

1.3 m

2.0 m

2.25 m

2.40 m

defective or leaky capacitor

open in regulator resistor / switch

worn out bearing and absence of grease

low applied voltage