continuous use

large current requirements

intermittent use

large voltage requirements

increase the internal resistance

increase the output e.m.f.

increase the current capacity

decrease the current capacity

decrease the output e.m.f.

increase the output e.m.f.

decrease the internal resistance

increase the current capacity

it converts the produced hydrogen into water

it prevents the fast chemical action on the zinc electrode

it synthesizes the decomposed electrolyte

it absorbs the oxygen produced in the cell

Manganese oxide

Zinc chloride

Ammonium chloride

Carbon powder