Two countries may benefit from trade, even if their production possibility frontiers have identical shapes, if preferences differ in the two countries.

Two countries may benefit from trade, even if their production possibility frontiers have identical shapes, if industries have substantial economies of scale.

When two countries benefit from the opening up of trade, all citizens in each country will benefit.

Differences in the degree of human capital offer one reason why two countries may have production possibility frontiers that differ in shape.

Consumer surplus from the good will decrease.

Producer surplus from the good will decrease.

The quantity imported will fall.

The deadweight loss will be less than the total fall in surplus.

The total consumer plus producer surplus decreases.

The price for consumers rises from the pre-tariff situation by the amount of the tariff

If other countries do not retaliate, the country may be better off.

If other countries do not retaliate, the country may be worse off.

To soften the fall of declining industries.

To protect industries from competition from low wage countries.

To protect industries from dumping.

To nurture infant industries by protecting them from cheaper imports.

Both 1 and 2

1 only

2 only

Neither 1 nor 2