228) For a monopolist, price is 16 and marginal revenue is 4, the elasticity of demand will be

229) If the total expenditure on a commodity increases after a price increase, the elasticity of demand is

230) In the Cobb-Douglas production function the elasticity of substitution between factors is

231) In economic theory, the term ’Ceteris Paribus ’ is used to indicate

232) Who, among the following economists, used the technique of ’kinked demand curve’ to explain price rigidity under oligopoly?