avoid excessive build up of pressure

avoid explosion

extinguish fire if water level in the boiler falls below alarming limit

control steam dome

in the drum

in the fire tubes

above steam dome

over the combustion chamber

bismuth

copper

aluminium

nickel

steam evaporation rate per kg of fuel fired

work done in evaporating 1 kg of steam per hour from and at 100°C into dry saturated steam

the evaporation of 15.65 kg of water per hour from and at 100°C into dry saturated steam

work done by 1 kg of steam at saturation condition

heating takes place at bottom and the water supplied at bottom gets converted into the mixture of steam bubbles and hot water which rise to drum

water is supplied in drum and through down-comers located in atmospheric condition it passes to the water wall and rises to drum in the form of mixture of water and steam

feed pump is employed to supplement natural circulation in water wall type furnace

water is converted into steam in one pass without any recirculation