gravimetric analysis of the flue gases

volumetric analysis of the flue gases

mass flow of the flue gases

measuring smoke density of flue gases

C02

CO

2

N2

equal to carnot cycle

less than carnot cycle

more than carnot cycle

could be anything

decreasing initial steam pressure and temperature

increasing exhaust pressure

decreasing exhaust pressure

increasing the expansion ratio

horizontal fire-tube boiler

horizontal water-tube boiler

veritcal water-tube boiler

vertical fire tube boiler