low velocity

high velocity

low pressure

high pressure

causes noise and vibration of various parts

reduces the discharge of a turbine

causes sudden drop in power output and efficiency

all of the above

Installing the turbine below the tail race level

Using stainless steel runner of the turbine

providing highly polished blades to the runner

all of the above

speed and power developed

discharge and power developed

speed and head of water

speed, power developed and head of water

The reaction turbines are used for low head and high discharge

The angle of taper on draft tube is less than 8 degree.

An impulse turbine is generally fitted slightly above the tail race.

A Francis turbine is an impulse turbine.