call by value

call by value-result

call by reference

none of these

val[0 ][ 3]

val[0][4]

val[1][1]

none of the above

3

4

5

compiler dependent

when initialization is a part of definition

when it is a declaration

when it is a formal parameter and an actual argument

All of the above

both the subscripts may be left empty

the first (row) subscript may be left empty

the first subscript must be left empty

both the subscripts must be left empty