Stop or red time of a signal is the sum of go and clearance intervals for the cross flow.

Go or green time of a signal is the sum of stop and clearance intervals for the cross flow.

Clearance time is generally 3 to 5 seconds.

The cycle length is normally 40 to 60 seconds for two phase signals.

to designate traffic lanes

in roadways meant for two way traffic

to indicate that overtaking is not permitted

to designate proper lateral placement of vehicles before turning to different directions

stop lines

turn markings

crosswalk lines

lane lines

equal radii and equal widths of pavement

equal radii but pavement width is more at entrance than at exit curve

equal pavement widths but radius is more at entrance curve than at exit curve

different radii and different widths of pavement

circular

elliptical

tangent

turbine