shear

vertical tensile splitting

buckling

any of the above

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Both A and R are true but R is not .the correct explanation of A.

A is true but R is false.

A is false but R is true.

lateral restraint but not rotational restraint

rotational restraint but not lateral restraint

both lateral and rotational restraints

neither lateral nor rotational restraint

(i) and (iii) are correct

(i) and (ii) are correct

(ii) and (iii) are correct

(i), (ii) and (iii) are correct

10 cm

15 cm

20 cm

30 cm